Bonds

Bond lengths

Single-bond lengths (in Å)

 

H

C

N

O

F

Si

P

Si

Cl

Br

I

H

0.74

1.10

0.98

0.94

0.92

1.45

1.38

1.32

1.27

1.42

1.61

C


1.54

1.47

1.43

1.41

1.94

1.87

1.81

1.76

1.91

2.10

N



1.40

1.36

1.34

1.87

1.80

1.74

1.69

1.84

2.03

O




1.32

1.30

1.83

1.76

1.70

1.65

1.80

1.99

F





1.28

1.81

1.74

1.68

1.63

1.78

1.97

Si






2.34

2.27

2.21

2.16

2.31

2.50

P







2.20

2.14

2.09

2.24

2.43

Si








2.08

2.03

2.18

2.37

Cl









2.00

2.13

2.32

Br










2.28

2.47

I











2.66

Multi-bond lengths (in Å)

Bond Length

C=C

1.34

C=N

1.27

C=O

1.22

N=O

1.15

C≡C

1.21

C≡N

1.15

C≡O

1.13

N≡O

1.08


Bond energies

Average single bond dissociation energies (in kJ mol–1)

 

H

C

N

O

F

Si

P

Si

Cl

Br

I

H

436

413

391

463

565

328

322

347

432

366

299

C


346

305

358

485

272

339

285

213

N



163

201

283

192

O




146

452

335

218

201

201

F





155

565

490

284

253

249

278

Si






222

293

381

310

234

P







201

326

184

Si








226

255

Cl









242

216

208

Br










193

175

I











151

Average multi-bond dissociation energies (in kJ mol–1)

Bond Bond Energy

N=N

418

N≡N

945

C=N

615

C≡N

887

O=O (in O2)

498

C=C

610

C≡C

835

C=O

745

C=O (in CO2)

83

C≡O

1046